End range calf strength can be a reflection of adequate soleus muscle strength. The larger of the calf muscles, the soleus, is important for running as it takes 6.5-8 times body weight during running (Dorn 2014).
How to test end range calf strength?
We use a number of tests including:
Standing on both feet, raise up as high as you can. Then lift one foot off the ground. Can you maintain this high heel raise?
Bent knee heel raise height: standing on one leg, bend your knee and raise your heel as high as you can. Measure the distance from the floor to your heel and compare to the other side.
Soleus raise endurance: perform the Bent knee heel raise, and then hold for as long as you can. Time yourself and compare to the other side
How to improve end range calf strength?
There are a few options which include (ensure you hit end range in all of these):
Loaded toe walks
Seated calf raise
Soleus wall sit
Soleus lunge
Bent knee calf raises